D45 vs D65

D65 is 1.4 times as stiff as D45. It is 1.3 times as dense. Per unit mass they are about equally stiff (19.29 and 20.56 MJ/kg). Strength: f_m,k = 45 MPa for D45, f_m,k = 65 MPa for D65.

D45 EN 338:2016 D65 EN 338:2016

Side by side

ratio = D65 / D45 · log scale

Property	D45	D65	Unit	Ratio
E₁ Modulus, direction 1	13.5	18.5	GPa	1.37×
E₂ Modulus, direction 2	0.9	1.23	GPa	1.37×
E₃ Modulus, direction 3	0.9	1.23	GPa	1.37×
G₁₂ Shear modulus 1-2	0.84	1.16	GPa	1.38×
G₁₃ Shear modulus 1-3	0.84	1.16	GPa	1.38×
E₀,₀₅ Modulus parallel to grain, 5 % fractile	11.3	15.5	GPa	1.37×
ρ Density	700	900	kg/m³	1.29×
ρ_k Density, characteristic (5 % fractile)	580	750	kg/m³	1.29×
f_m,k Bending strength	45	65	MPa	1.44×
f_t,0,k Tension parallel to grain	27	39	MPa	1.44×
f_t,90,k Tension perpendicular to grain	0.6	0.6	MPa	1×
f_c,0,k Compression parallel to grain	29	35	MPa	1.21×
f_c,90,k Compression perpendicular to grain	5.8	11.3	MPa	1.95×
f_v,k Shear strength	4.4	5	MPa	1.14×
E/ρ Specific stiffness E/ρ · derived	19.29	20.56	MJ/kg	1.07×
c₀ Bar wave speed √(E/ρ) · derived	4392	4534	m/s	1.03×
f/ρ Specific strength f/ρ · derived	64.29	72.22	kJ/kg	1.12×

Values at the first thickness band or product form of each material (EN 338:2016; EN 338:2016). A minimum and a characteristic value are not the same kind of number — read the ratio as a guide. Each material's page lists every band and every source.