D40 vs D60

D60 is 1.3 times as stiff as D40. It is 1.3 times as dense. Per unit mass they are about equally stiff (19.7 and 20.24 MJ/kg). Strength: f_m,k = 40 MPa for D40, f_m,k = 60 MPa for D60.

D40 EN 338:2016 D60 EN 338:2016

Side by side

ratio = D60 / D40 · log scale

Property	D40	D60	Unit	Ratio
E₁ Modulus, direction 1	13	17	GPa	1.31×
E₂ Modulus, direction 2	0.87	1.13	GPa	1.3×
E₃ Modulus, direction 3	0.87	1.13	GPa	1.3×
G₁₂ Shear modulus 1-2	0.81	1.06	GPa	1.31×
G₁₃ Shear modulus 1-3	0.81	1.06	GPa	1.31×
E₀,₀₅ Modulus parallel to grain, 5 % fractile	10.9	14.3	GPa	1.31×
ρ Density	660	840	kg/m³	1.27×
ρ_k Density, characteristic (5 % fractile)	550	700	kg/m³	1.27×
f_m,k Bending strength	40	60	MPa	1.5×
f_t,0,k Tension parallel to grain	24	36	MPa	1.5×
f_t,90,k Tension perpendicular to grain	0.6	0.6	MPa	1×
f_c,0,k Compression parallel to grain	27	33	MPa	1.22×
f_c,90,k Compression perpendicular to grain	5.5	10.5	MPa	1.91×
f_v,k Shear strength	4.2	4.8	MPa	1.14×
E/ρ Specific stiffness E/ρ · derived	19.7	20.24	MJ/kg	1.03×
c₀ Bar wave speed √(E/ρ) · derived	4438	4499	m/s	1.01×
f/ρ Specific strength f/ρ · derived	60.61	71.43	kJ/kg	1.18×

Values at the first thickness band or product form of each material (EN 338:2016; EN 338:2016). A minimum and a characteristic value are not the same kind of number — read the ratio as a guide. Each material's page lists every band and every source.