D27 vs D40

D40 is 1.2 times as stiff as D27. It is 1.1 times as dense. Per unit mass D40 is 1.1 times as stiff. Strength: f_m,k = 27 MPa for D27, f_m,k = 40 MPa for D40.

D27 EN 338:2016 D40 EN 338:2016

Side by side

ratio = D40 / D27 · log scale

Property	D27	D40	Unit	Ratio
E₁ Modulus, direction 1	10.5	13	GPa	1.24×
E₂ Modulus, direction 2	0.7	0.87	GPa	1.24×
E₃ Modulus, direction 3	0.7	0.87	GPa	1.24×
G₁₂ Shear modulus 1-2	0.66	0.81	GPa	1.23×
G₁₃ Shear modulus 1-3	0.66	0.81	GPa	1.23×
E₀,₀₅ Modulus parallel to grain, 5 % fractile	8.8	10.9	GPa	1.24×
ρ Density	610	660	kg/m³	1.08×
ρ_k Density, characteristic (5 % fractile)	510	550	kg/m³	1.08×
f_m,k Bending strength	27	40	MPa	1.48×
f_t,0,k Tension parallel to grain	16	24	MPa	1.5×
f_t,90,k Tension perpendicular to grain	0.6	0.6	MPa	1×
f_c,0,k Compression parallel to grain	22	27	MPa	1.23×
f_c,90,k Compression perpendicular to grain	5.1	5.5	MPa	1.08×
f_v,k Shear strength	3.8	4.2	MPa	1.11×
E/ρ Specific stiffness E/ρ · derived	17.21	19.7	MJ/kg	1.14×
c₀ Bar wave speed √(E/ρ) · derived	4149	4438	m/s	1.07×
f/ρ Specific strength f/ρ · derived	44.26	60.61	kJ/kg	1.37×

Values at the first thickness band or product form of each material (EN 338:2016; EN 338:2016). A minimum and a characteristic value are not the same kind of number — read the ratio as a guide. Each material's page lists every band and every source.