C16 vs C45

C45 is about twice as stiff as C16. It is 1.3 times as dense. Per unit mass C45 is 1.4 times as stiff. Strength: f_m,k = 16 MPa for C16, f_m,k = 45 MPa for C45.

C16 EN 338:2016 C45 EN 338:2016

Side by side

ratio = C45 / C16 · log scale

Property	C16	C45	Unit	Ratio
E₁ Modulus, direction 1	8	15	GPa	1.88×
E₂ Modulus, direction 2	0.27	0.5	GPa	1.85×
E₃ Modulus, direction 3	0.27	0.5	GPa	1.85×
G₁₂ Shear modulus 1-2	0.5	0.94	GPa	1.88×
G₁₃ Shear modulus 1-3	0.5	0.94	GPa	1.88×
E₀,₀₅ Modulus parallel to grain, 5 % fractile	5.4	10.1	GPa	1.87×
ρ Density	370	490	kg/m³	1.32×
ρ_k Density, characteristic (5 % fractile)	310	410	kg/m³	1.32×
f_m,k Bending strength	16	45	MPa	2.81×
f_t,0,k Tension parallel to grain	8.5	30	MPa	3.53×
f_t,90,k Tension perpendicular to grain	0.4	0.4	MPa	1×
f_c,0,k Compression parallel to grain	17	29	MPa	1.71×
f_c,90,k Compression perpendicular to grain	2.2	2.9	MPa	1.32×
f_v,k Shear strength	3.2	4	MPa	1.25×
E/ρ Specific stiffness E/ρ · derived	21.62	30.61	MJ/kg	1.42×
c₀ Bar wave speed √(E/ρ) · derived	4650	5533	m/s	1.19×
f/ρ Specific strength f/ρ · derived	43.24	91.84	kJ/kg	2.12×

Values at the first thickness band or product form of each material (EN 338:2016; EN 338:2016). A minimum and a characteristic value are not the same kind of number — read the ratio as a guide. Each material's page lists every band and every source.