D18 vs D60

D60 is 1.8 times as stiff as D18. It is 1.5 times as dense. Per unit mass D60 is 1.2 times as stiff. Strength: f_m,k = 18 MPa for D18, f_m,k = 60 MPa for D60.

D18 EN 338:2016 D60 EN 338:2016

Side by side

ratio = D60 / D18 · log scale

Property	D18	D60	Unit	Ratio
E₁ Modulus, direction 1	9.5	17	GPa	1.79×
E₂ Modulus, direction 2	0.63	1.13	GPa	1.79×
E₃ Modulus, direction 3	0.63	1.13	GPa	1.79×
G₁₂ Shear modulus 1-2	0.59	1.06	GPa	1.8×
G₁₃ Shear modulus 1-3	0.59	1.06	GPa	1.8×
E₀,₀₅ Modulus parallel to grain, 5 % fractile	8	14.3	GPa	1.79×
ρ Density	570	840	kg/m³	1.47×
ρ_k Density, characteristic (5 % fractile)	475	700	kg/m³	1.47×
f_m,k Bending strength	18	60	MPa	3.33×
f_t,0,k Tension parallel to grain	11	36	MPa	3.27×
f_t,90,k Tension perpendicular to grain	0.6	0.6	MPa	1×
f_c,0,k Compression parallel to grain	18	33	MPa	1.83×
f_c,90,k Compression perpendicular to grain	4.8	10.5	MPa	2.19×
f_v,k Shear strength	3.5	4.8	MPa	1.37×
E/ρ Specific stiffness E/ρ · derived	16.67	20.24	MJ/kg	1.21×
c₀ Bar wave speed √(E/ρ) · derived	4082	4499	m/s	1.1×
f/ρ Specific strength f/ρ · derived	31.58	71.43	kJ/kg	2.26×

Values at the first thickness band or product form of each material (EN 338:2016; EN 338:2016). A minimum and a characteristic value are not the same kind of number — read the ratio as a guide. Each material's page lists every band and every source.